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Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study

Overview

The E-Risk Study tracks the development of a nationally-representative birth cohort of 2,232 of same-sex twin children born in 1994-1995 across England and Wales. The initial assessment was conducted with parents and children during face-to-face home visits when the twins were aged 5. Follow-up home-visits were conducted when the twins were aged 7, 10, 12 and 18 (participation rates were 98%, 96%, 96%, and 93%, respectively).
 
The dataset includes mothers’ perpetration of physical violence towards her partner and experiences of physical violence victimisation perpetrated by her partner for the period between when the child was born to age 10 and thus this also provides information about each child’s experience of domestic violence within their household during this period. Information on exposure to dating violence is available for each twin between ages 12-18 years.
 
Data is available on the mothers’ mental health during the childhood phases of the study along with mother-reported mental health history of her biological mother, father, sisters, brothers, and the twins’ biological father. The twins were assessed for internalising symptoms and externalising behaviour at ages 5, 7, and 10, and for depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, ADHD, psychotic experiences, self-harm and suicide attempts at ages 12 and 18.

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​Sample Type

E-Risk is a nationally-representative cohort of same-sex twins drawn from a birth register of twins born in 1994 and 1995 in England and Wales. The E-Risk sample was constructed in 1999–2000, when 1116 families with same-sex 5-year-old twins (93% of those eligible) participated in home-visit assessments. Families were recruited to represent the UK population of families with newborns in the 1990s, based on residential location throughout England and Wales and mothers’ age (teenaged mothers with twins were over-selected to replace high-risk families who were selectively lost to the register through non-response. Older mothers having twins via assisted reproduction were under-selected to avoid an excess of well-educated older mothers).
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​Geographical Coverage

England and Wales
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Start-end date of series

1999/2000 - ongoing

Sample Size

Initial sample size was 2232. Retention rates: age 7 (98% participation), 10 (96%), 12 (96%), and at 18 years (93%). At age 18 (most recent completed assessment phase) the sample size was 2066.
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​Sample Description

At inception at age 5, there were 2232 children comprising 56% monozygotic (MZ) and 44% dizygotic (DZ) same-sex twin pairs; sex was evenly distributed within zygosity (49% male). All families were English speaking, and the majority (93.7%) were White. Data is also available on the parents (particularly the mothers) within each of the 1116 families.​

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Access

Submission of a concept paper, downloadable from here: https://sites.google.com/site/moffittcaspiprojects/ is required (completed in collaboration with an E-Risk investigator as sponsor), which includes signing up to E-Risk’s Data-sharing Policy Guidelines. The submitted concept paper is then sent for approval to all of the E-Risk co-investigators. Once approved an anonymised dataset is provided securely.
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​Link

http://www.eriskstudy.com/
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  • Events & Media
    • Webinars
    • Newsletter Archive
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  • Resources
    • Research Findings >
      • Domestic Abuse Victimisation
      • Domestic Abuse Perpetration
      • Sexual Violence
    • Research Resources >
      • Look After Yourself
      • Review Survivor Defined Research Priorities
      • Review Resources on Survivor Involvement
      • Connect with Others
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    • Practice Guidance >
      • Responding to Domestic Abuse in Mental Health Settings
      • Sexual Safety in Mental Health Settings
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  • Contact